The valves that control the flow of water into your home and to its various fixtures are an important part of your plumbing system. Knowing where they are and how they work is a must. 

Valve Locations

There are two valve locations to be aware of: the home's main water valve and the fixture-specific valves. The water main valve can be used to shut off all water coming into the home, a necessary task in the event of a major leak that can't be immediately traced. This valve is most often located near where the water main enters the home, either outside in a utility box or in a basement. It may also be located in a garage or utility room.

Fixture valves are located near the fixture in question, such as behind a toilet or under a sink. There are often two valves, particularly with sinks. One to shut off the cold supply and the other to shut off the hot supply. You will also find fixture valves near appliances, such as washing machines or water heaters. 

Valve Types

In older homes, the most common type of valve is the gate valve. These have a wagon wheel-style handle that must be turned several times in order to shut the water off completely. As it is turned, the handle lifts and lowers a gate in the waterline. This means you can shut off the water completely or only partially. The drawback is that it can take a few minutes to shut down the water completely, which can lead to major leaks. 

Ball-style valves are more common in newer homes or on updated plumbing. These valves only require a quarter turn in order to rotate a ball inside the valve to immediately stem water flow. These have a long handle that is easy to turn quickly.

Valve Maintenance

All valves should be checked a couple of times a year to make sure they move easily. You don't want to be faced with a stuck valve in the midst of a major water leak. A plumber will test the valves and lubricate the handles as necessary to ensure proper movement.

Leak inspections are also necessary. Over time the seals around a valve can begin to fail. When this happens, beading water, drips, or condensation may occur on or around the valve. Replacement of the valve or seals is necessary. 

Contact a plumber to learn more about the location and maintenance of the important plumbing valves in your home. 

Share